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The former Gimbel's department store is a fourteen-story steel-frame structure
in the heart of Pittsburgh's most densely populated business district, featuring a
wealth of classical detailing. It is a major visual anchor to the district and a critical
element in its retail sector. As has been typical in recent urban cycles, the
department store was closed and the building vacated in 1984. In 1998, as part
of the effort to restore the urban core, the architectural firm of Burt Hill Kosar
Rittelmann Associates developed renovation plans for the aging structure.
The most ambitious element of the design was cutting a fifty-foot-diameter
octagonal atrium in the middle of the structure, from the fourteenth to the seventh
floor. The resulting light on the one-acre interior floor plate attracted the
Heinz Company to locate their North American operations headquarters in the
top seven floors. The architects also suggested complementing the atrium with
a green roof on the thirty-foot-wide terrace surrounding the fourteenth floor
executive offices. The green roof provides enjoyable views of a variety of
flowering plants from the offices, the integrated decks and paved patio areas,
and it is used for out-door meetings and gatherings, allowing employees to
experience the landscape beyond the glass-curtain walls. The ground cover
also provides an acoustical damper in the brick and glass-enclosed terraces.
Roofscapes Inc. developed plans for both detailing and implementation of the
12,000-square-foot roof. Roofscapes elected to use a two-layer Roofmeadow®
Type III: Savannah assembly, with three inches of engineered growth media
over two inches of engineered drainage media, in order to enhance the droughtresistance
of the green roof ecosystem. The Carlisle Syntech 045 EPDM waterproofing
is supplemented by a polyethylene root barrier. The growing media
was tested according to standard European methods published by
Forschungsgesellschaft Landschaftsentwicklung Landschaftsbau e.V. [FLL]
(1995) and has a Maximum Water Capacity (FLL) - 1.65 inches (fully drained
condition) and annual rainfall retention - 55 percent (predicted).
The Burt Hill landscape firm designed an undulating rhythm of planting around
the roof perimeter. Roofscapes, Inc. selected appropriate plant varieties to
achieve accents in plant height, texture and bloom color. To capitalize on the
changeable micro-climatic conditions created by the high walls, a wide range of
plants that can tolerate the xeric conditions on the roof were specified. The
diversity of plant textures, heights and colors in the maturing cover is visually
exciting. Selected by Roofscapes, Inc. to satisfy the pattern of texture and color
desired by the designers, the plants range from low-growing groundcovers like
Sedum spurium and Phlox pilosa to tall varieties like Carex
annectens,
Anthemis tinctoria, Dianthus deltoides,
Festuca ovina and Chrysanthemum leucanthemum. The planted areas will
tolerate light pedestrian traffic and no
irrigation is required. For meetings and
recreational use, high-density recycled
plastic lumber roof decks were constructed
in four locations. They are integrated
with paved patios, constructed to
encourage the free flow of water
between the paved and vegetated
areas.
The thriving project is visible from most
of the major downtown office towers. It
demonstrates how green roofs can
reduce the heat island effect and
improve the habitability of urban office
space in downtown Pittsburgh. Citing
this "flagship" example, the Mayor has
been encouraged to introduce incentives
for more urban green roof projects in
Pittsburgh. |